Modern History notes · Chapter 9 of 14 · 1885 – 1947

INC Sessions & Presidents

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INC Sessions

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1885
Cues: President · Important Facts · Location
  • President: Womesh Chandra Bonnerjee
  • Important Facts
  • – First Session of INC
  • – Attended by 72 delegates (mainly elite sections – lawyers, teachers and journalists)
  • – Laid foundation for national movement
  • Location: Original venue: Poona Changed to Gokuldas Tejpal Sanskrit College, Bombay due to Cholera outbreak in Poona.
1886
Cues: President · Important Facts · Location
  • President: Dadabhai Naoroji
  • Important Facts
  • – Increased participation to 436 delegates (33 Muslims)
  • – Fostered discussions on social reforms
  • Location: Calcutta
1887
Cues: President · Important Facts · Location
  • President: Badruddin Tyabji
  • Important Facts
  • – First Muslim President
  • – Aimed to bridge gap between Hindus and Muslims
  • – Advocated for communal harmony
  • Location: Madras
1888
Cues: President · Important Facts · Location
  • President: George Yule
  • Important Facts
  • – First British President
  • – Highlighted inclusiveness of Congress
  • – Encouraged moderate policies
  • Location: Allahabad
1889
Cues: President · Important Facts · Location
  • President: Sir William Wedderburn
  • Important Facts
  • – Second British President
  • – Emphasized constitutional reforms
  • – Supported Indian aspirations for self-governance
  • Location: Bombay
1890 → President · Important Facts · Location?
President
Pherozeshah Mehta
Important Facts
Known as the "Lion of Bombay"
Location
Calcutta
1892
Cues: President · Important Facts · Location
  • President: Womesh Chandra Bonnerjee
  • Important Facts
  • – Re-elected as President
  • – Addressed issues of land revenue and taxation
  • Location: Allahabad
1893
Cues: President · Important Facts · Location
  • President: Dadabhai Naoroji
  • Important Facts
  • – 2nd time as President
  • – Advocated for Indian representation in British Parliament
  • – Highlighted the economic drain from India
  • Location: Lahore
1894 → President · Important Facts · Location?
President
Alfred Webb
Important Facts
Third British President
Location
Madras
1895 → President · Important Facts · Location?
President
Surendranath Banerjee
Important Facts
Stressed on constitutional methods for reforms
Location
Poona
1896 → President · Important Facts · Location?
President
Rahimtulla M. Sayani
Important Facts
Vande Matram song sung for the first time.
Location
Calcutta
1902 → President · Important Facts · Location?
President
Surendranath Banerjee
Important Facts
Second term as President
Location
Ahmedabad
1905
Cues: President · Important Facts · Location
  • President: Gopal Krishna Gokhale
  • Important Facts
  • – Partition of Bengal became effective
  • – Called for Swadeshi and Boycott Movements
  • – Urged unity to combat colonial policies
  • Location: Banaras
1906
Cues: President · Important Facts · Location
  • President: Dadabhai Naoroji
  • Important Facts
  • – Declared Swaraj as goal of INC
  • – First official use of Swaraj (self-rule)
  • – Encouraged adoption of Swadeshi and national education
  • Location: Calcutta
1907
Cues: President · Important Facts · Location
  • President: Rash Behari Ghosh
  • Important Facts
  • – Surat Split between Moderates and Extremists
  • – Differences over methods to achieve Swaraj
  • – Led to organizational division
  • Location: Surat
1912 (27th session) → President · Important Facts · Location?
President
Raghunath Narasinha Mudholkar
Important Facts
Advocated for administrative decentralization, education reforms and industrial growth.
Location
Bankipur, Patna
1914
Cues: President · Important Facts · Location
  • President: BN Bose
  • Important Facts
  • – Bombay group (led by Pherozshah Mehta) opposed Tilak’s entry in Congress.
  • – Bengal group and Gokhale supported his entry.
  • Location: Madras
1915
Cues: President · Important Facts · Location
  • President: Satyendra Prasad Sinha
  • Important Facts
  • – First Indian appointed to the Viceroy's Executive Council
  • – Emphasized constitutional reforms
  • – Supported World War I efforts
  • Location: Bombay
1916
Cues: President · Important Facts · Location
  • President: Ambica Charan Mazumdar
  • Important Facts
  • – Lucknow Pact between INC and Muslim League
  • – Reunion of Moderates and Extremists
  • – Demanded Home Rule
  • Location: Lucknow
1917
Cues: President · Important Facts · Location
  • President: Annie Besant
  • Important Facts
  • – First Woman President
  • – Advocated for Home Rule
  • – Emphasized education and social reforms
  • Location: Calcutta
1920
Cues: President · Important Facts · Location
  • President: Lala Lajpat Rai / C. Vijayaraghavachari ar
  • Important Facts
  • – Special Session in Calcutta led by Lala Lajpat Rai
  • – Adopted Non-Cooperation Resolution
  • – Annual Session in Nagpur led by C. Vijayaraghavachariar confirming the movement
  • Location: Calcutta / Nagpur
1921
Cues: President · Important Facts · Location
  • President: Hakim Ajmal Khan (Acting President)
  • Important Facts
  • – C. R. Das elected but in jail
  • – Continued Non-Cooperation Movement
  • – Emphasized Swaraj through peaceful means
  • Location: Ahmedabad
1922 (37th session)
Cues: President · Important Facts · Location
  • President: CR Das
  • Important Facts
  • – Post Chauri Chaura incident
  • – Suspension of Non-Cooperation Movement
  • – Called for reorganization of Congress
  • – Welcomed the formation of All India Trade Union Congress
  • Location: Gaya
1924
Cues: President · Important Facts · Location
  • President: Mahatma Gandhi
  • Important Facts
  • – Only time Gandhi presided
  • – Focused on Swaraj through Non-Violence
  • – Addressed issues of untouchability and khadi promotion
  • Location: Belgaum
1925
Cues: President · Important Facts · Location
  • President: Sarojini Naidu
  • Important Facts
  • – First Indian Woman President
  • – Promoted women's rights
  • – Emphasized literacy and education
  • Location: Kanpur
1928
Cues: President · Important Facts · Location
  • President: Motilal Nehru
  • Important Facts
  • – Presented the Nehru Report
  • – Demanded Dominion Status within a year
  • – Opposed by Jawaharlal Nehru and Subhas Chandra Bose for not demanding complete independence
  • Location: Calcutta
1929
Cues: President · Important Facts · Location
  • President: Jawaharlal Nehru
  • Important Facts
  • – Declaration of Purna Swaraj (Complete Independence)
  • – Tricolour flag was hoisted
  • – January 26, 1930 declared as Independence Day
  • – Authorized launch of Civil Disobedience Movement
  • Location: Lahore
1931
Cues: President · Important Facts · Location
  • President: Vallabhbhai Patel
  • Important Facts
  • – Post Gandhi-Irwin Pact
  • – Gandhi attended Second Round Table Conference
  • – Adopted resolutions on Fundamental Rights and National Economic Program
  • Location: Karachi
1934
Cues: President · Important Facts · Location
  • President: Rajendra Prasad
  • Important Facts
  • – Civil Disobedience Movement withdrawn
  • – Focused on reconstructing Congress
  • – Emphasized on village industries
  • Location: Bombay
1936 (50th session)
Cues: President · Important Facts · Location
  • President: Jawaharlal Nehru
  • Important Facts
  • – First session to be held in a village.
  • – Supported peasants' and workers' rights
  • – Addressed issues of feudal oppression
  • – Formation of All India Kisan Sabha
  • Location: Lucknow
1937
Cues: President · Important Facts · Location
  • President: Jawaharlal Nehru
  • Important Facts
  • – Congress ministries formed in provinces
  • – Focused on implementation of pro-people policies
  • Location: Faizpur
1938
Cues: President · Important Facts · Location
  • President: Subhas Chandra Bose
  • Important Facts
  • – Advocated for aggressive approach against British
  • – Emphasized industrialization and planning
  • – Formed National Planning Committee under the chairmanship of JL Nehru
  • Location: Haripura
1939
Cues: President · Important Facts · Location
  • President: Subhas Chandra Bose / Rajendra Prasad
  • Important Facts
  • – Re-elected but faced opposition from Gandhi's supporters
  • – Led to Tripuri Crisis
  • – Bose resigned; Rajendra Prasad became President
  • Location: Tripuri
1940
Cues: President · Important Facts · Location
  • President: Maulana Abul Kalam Azad
  • Important Facts
  • – Resolved to launch Individual Satyagraha
  • – Opposed India's involvement in World War II without consent
  • – Emphasized on Quit India Movement preparations
  • Location: Ramgarh
1941–45
Cues: President · Important Facts · Location
  • President: Maulana Abul Kalam Azad
  • Important Facts
  • – No sessions due to World War II and Quit India Movement
  • – Led INC during crucial years
  • – Worked underground due to British crackdown
  • Location: N/A
1947
Cues: President · Important Facts · Location
  • President: J. B. Kripalani
  • Important Facts
  • – Independence of India achieved
  • – Partition leading to communal violence
  • – Focused on rehabilitation and nation-building
  • – 15 June, AICC resolution: States could not be independent and live in isolation in India
  • Location: Delhi
All 14 chapters of Modern History notes
  1. Exam Focus Checklist2 sections
  2. Advent of the Europeans15 sections
  3. Bengal: Plassey to Buxar7 sections
  4. Expansion & Annexations14 sections
  5. People's Resistance 1757–185613 sections
  6. The Revolt of 185717 sections
  7. Peasant & Tribal Movements18 sections
  8. Early Political Associations3 sections
  9. INC Sessions & Presidents1 sections
  10. Moderates to Revolutionaries15 sections
  11. Socio-Religious Reform21 sections
  12. The Gandhian Era 1915–193423 sections
  13. Towards Independence 1935–4717 sections
  14. Constitutional Development9 sections