Physics Notes

11 chapters · 142 sections · 709 cards

Physics Notes & Flashcards for BPSC & UPPCS Prelims: 11 chapters · 142 sections · 709 cards. These notes and flashcards need JavaScript; please enable it to read them.

Units, Measurement & Physical Quantities
- Measurement and Units: The Basics
- The SI System and 7 Base Units
- Derived Units and Special Names
- Units of Length and Special Big/Small Units
- The Electricity 'Unit' and Energy in Joules
- Scalar and Vector Quantities
- Dimensions and Dimensional Formula
- Uses of Dimensional Analysis
- Measuring Instruments You Must Know
- Other Common Units and Pairs
- Significant Figures, Accuracy and Errors
Motion, Laws of Motion & Forces
- What is Motion?
- Distance vs Displacement
- Scalars and Vectors
- Speed, Velocity & Average Speed
- Acceleration
- Three Equations of Motion
- Graphs of Motion
- Force and Its Effects
- Newton's Laws of Motion
- Momentum & Impulse
- Friction
- Circular Motion & Centripetal Force
- Scientists Who Studied Motion
Gravitation
- What is Gravitation? The Big Idea
- History – How We Understood the Sky
- Kepler's Three Laws of Planetary Motion
- Newton's Universal Law of Gravitation
- The Gravitational Constant G
- Acceleration Due to Gravity (g)
- How g Changes from Place to Place
- Free Fall and Equations of Motion
- Mass and Weight
- Thrust, Pressure and Buoyancy
- Archimedes' Principle and Density
Work, Power, Energy & Conservation
- What is Work (Everyday vs Science)
- Formula and Units of Work
- Positive, Zero and Negative Work
- Energy – Capacity to Do Work
- Different Forms of Energy
- Kinetic Energy (Energy of Motion)
- Work–Energy Theorem
- Potential Energy (Stored Energy)
- Kinetic vs Potential Energy
- Mechanical Energy & Conservation of Energy
- Energy Conservation in Free Fall
- Power – Rate of Doing Work
- Energy Conversions & Friction
Properties of Matter & Fluids
- What is a Fluid?
- Density and Relative Density
- Pressure in Fluids
- Pascal's Law
- Atmospheric Pressure and the Barometer
- Buoyancy and Archimedes' Principle
- Floating Ice and Melting (Key Exam Cases)
- Anomalous Expansion of Water
- Viscosity
- Surface Tension and Capillarity
- Fluids in Motion (Streamline, Bernoulli)
- Wind, Salinity and Triple Point (PYQ Facts)
Heat & Thermodynamics
- Heat vs Temperature
- Units of Heat
- Laws of Thermodynamics
- Thermometers & Temperature Scales
- Converting Between Scales
- Specific Heat Capacity & Calorimetry
- Change of State & Latent Heat
- Evaporation & Cooling
- Modes of Heat Transfer
- Thermal Expansion & Applications
- Boiling, Pressure & Pressure Cooker
- Insulation, Thermos Flask & Heat Engines
Waves & Sound
- What is a Wave?
- Transverse vs Longitudinal Waves
- Measuring a Wave: Key Quantities
- Properties of Sound: Loudness, Pitch, Quality
- Audible Range, Infrasound and Ultrasound
- Sound Needs a Medium
- Speed of Sound in Different Media
- Reflection of Sound and Echo
- SONAR and Practical Uses of Sound
- Noise, Decibels and Permissible Levels
- The Electromagnetic (EM) Spectrum
Light & Optics
- Nature of Light
- Visible Light & VIBGYOR
- Electromagnetic Spectrum
- Reflection of Light
- Real vs Virtual Image
- Plane (Flat) Mirror
- Spherical Mirrors & Their Terms
- Images by Concave Mirror & Its Uses
- Refraction of Light
- Total Internal Reflection
- Lenses
- Human Eye & Defects of Vision
- Dispersion & Colour Mixing
- Scattering & Atmospheric Effects
- Optical Instruments & Resolution
Current Electricity
- Electric Charge and Current
- Conventional Current vs Electron Flow
- History of Electromagnetism
- The Electric Circuit
- Potential Difference (Voltage)
- Conductors, Insulators and Semiconductors
- Resistance and Ohm's Law
- Factors Affecting Resistance
- Resistors in Series and Parallel
- Electric Power and Energy
- Heating Effect and Safety Devices
- AC Concepts: Reactance
- Thermoelectric and Photoelectric Effects
Magnetism & Electromagnetism
- What Is a Magnet?
- Discovery and Types of Magnets
- Poles of a Magnet
- Law of Magnetic Poles
- Making a Magnet and the Compass
- Magnetic Field and Field Lines
- Earth as a Magnet
- Unit of Magnetic Field
- Magnetic Materials (Classification)
- Electromagnetism and the Electromagnet
- Motor Effect and Defining the Tesla
- Electromagnetic Induction and the Dynamo
- Transformer
- Electromagnetic Waves and Spectrum
- Applications: MRI and Maglev
Modern & Nuclear Physics
- The Atom and Its Sub-Atomic Particles
- History of Atomic Models
- Atomic Number, Mass Number and Notation
- Isotopes, Isobars and Isotones
- Atomic Mass and the Atomic Mass Unit
- The Nuclear (Strong) Force
- Mass Defect, Binding Energy and E = mc²
- Radioactivity and Its Rays
- Nuclear Fission and Nuclear Reactors
- Nuclear Fusion
- Photoelectric Effect and Solar Cells
- X-Rays and Their Uses
- Lasers and Their Applications
- Medical and Industrial Uses of Radiation
- Cosmic Rays, Pulsars and Space Physics
- Order of Speed and Quick Comparisons