Catalyst used in hydrogenation of vegetable oil into vanaspati ghee is

Correct answer: (c) Ni

Explanation

Converting vegetable oil to vanaspati ghee is hydrogenation – adding H₂ to unsaturated fats to make saturated fats.

Nickel (Ni) is the industrial catalyst, lowering activation energy and speeding the reaction.

Pd is used only for selective hydrogenation; Fe is not used here.