Given below are two statements, one labelled as Assertion (A) and the other labelled as Reason (R). In the light of these statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below.
Assertion (A): In simple harmonic motion, the potential energy of the particle is maximum at the extreme positions.
Reason (R): At the extreme positions, the velocity of the particle is maximum.
- ABoth (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
- BBoth (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)
- C(A) is false but (R) is true
- D(A) is true but (R) is false
Show answer and explanation
Correct answer: (d) (A) is true but (R) is false
Explanation
(A) is true and (R) is false.
In simple harmonic motion:
- at the extreme positions, the displacement is greatest, so the potential energy is maximum. The particle stops there for an instant, so its velocity (and kinetic energy) is zero;
- at the mean position, the velocity and kinetic energy are maximum and the potential energy is minimum.
The total energy (KE + PE) stays constant throughout the motion.