The Indian monsoon is indicated by seasonal displacement because of –

Correct answer: (a) Differential temperature of land and sea

Explanation

The Indian monsoon is characterized by a seasonal shift (reversal of seasonal wind direction). Its direction remains from north-east to south-west for about six months (in winter), and for the remaining six months (in summer) it remains from south-west to north-east. The origin of these monsoon winds is linked to temperature differences, though there has been considerable debate on this. Two main concepts have been proposed for this— Thermal concept: The monsoon originates due to the differential heating/cooling of land and water and their opposite nature of warming and cooling; that is, the northward and southward movement of the Sun has a significant effect. Modern concept: According to the modern view, monsoon winds originate due to changes in air pressure and the shifting of pressure belts and wind belts. This concept was first presented by a scholar named Flohn.