The Congress took a critical stand over the Montford Reforms in 1918, which led to break up with the old moderate remnants (Sapru, Jayakar and Chintamani) who formed the

Correct answer: (a) Indian National Liberal Federation

Explanation

In August 1917, the Secretary of State for India, Edwin Montagu, made a historic statement in the British Parliament, known as the Montagu Declaration (August Declaration). In this declaration, it was proposed to increase the participation of Indians in administration and in the development of self-governing institutions in India. To work out these reforms, Montagu, along with the then Viceroy Lord Chelmsford, brought out a detailed report titled “Constitutional Reforms in India”, which is called the Montford Report or the Montagu–Chelmsford Report. This report was published in 1918. Regarding this report, differences between the liberal and extremist groups within the Congress became clearly visible. As a result, the liberals who supported the Montford Report separated from the Congress in 1918 and, under the leadership of Surendranath Banerjee, founded a new party in 1919 named the “Indian National Liberal Federation”.