The President can declare National Emergency on the basis of –

Correct answer: (d) All above mentioned reasons

Explanation

Article 352—If the President is satisfied that a grave emergency exists or is imminent, and that the security of India or any part of its territory is threatened due to war, external aggression, or armed rebellion, the President may proclaim a National Emergency. It is noteworthy that, by the 44th Constitutional Amendment Act, 1978, the expression “internal disturbance” in Article 352 of the original Constitution was replaced by “armed rebellion.” Article 355—It is the duty of the Union to protect every State against external aggression and internal disturbance, and to ensure that the government of every State is carried on in accordance with the provisions of the Constitution. Article 356—If, on receipt of a report from the Governor of a State or otherwise, the President is satisfied that a situation has arisen in which the government of the State cannot be carried on in accordance with the provisions of the Constitution, the President may impose President’s Rule in that State under this Article. Article 360—If the President is satisfied that a situation has arisen in which the financial stability or credit of India or any part of its territory is threatened, the President may proclaim a Financial Emergency.