Which concentration terms are independent of temperature?
- 1. Molarity
- 2. Molality
- 3. Normality
- 4. Mole fraction
- AOnly 1 is correct
- BBoth 2 and 4 are correct
- C1 and 4 are correct
- D1, 2 and 3 are correct
Show answer and explanation
Correct answer: (b) Both 2 and 4 are correct
Explanation
A concentration term that uses the volume of a solution changes with temperature, because liquids expand when heated. One that uses only mass or moles does not:
- molarity (moles per litre of solution) and normality (gram equivalents per litre) depend on temperature;
- molality (moles per kilogram of solvent) and mole fraction (moles of a part ÷ total moles) do not.